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What Is Alcohol Addiction?

The CDC characterizes alcohol abuse as any form of alcohol consumption that leads to damaged health and relationships, as well as impacting your ability to work. While all alcohol addictions vary slightly, they are all grounded in alcohol abuse.

Addiction is defined as a chronic and relapsing disease. Addiction is often used interchangeably with severe substance use disorder.

According to 2022 NSDUH data, 29.5 million people in the United States had alcohol use disorder in the past year.

Heavy drinking and binge drinking each qualify as alcohol abuse.

woman sits thinking representing alcohol addiction

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What Is Alcohol Addiction?

The CDC characterizes alcohol abuse as any form of alcohol consumption that impacts your ability to work and leads to damaged health and relationships. While all alcohol addictions vary slightly, they are all grounded in alcohol abuse.

Addiction is defined as a chronic and relapsing disease. Addiction is often used interchangeably with severe substance use disorder [1]

According to 2022 NSDUH data, 29.5 million people in the United States had alcohol use disorder in the past year [2].

Heavy drinking and binge drinking each qualify as alcohol abuse.

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Is Alcohol Addictive?

Experts almost universally agree with this concept of addiction as a disease, and while addiction has no cure, it can be effectively treated.

If untreated, alcohol addiction can be physically and emotionally damaging. Long-term alcohol abuse can also bring about permanent changes to brain structure and functioning.

Most estimates suggest up to 50% of your risk profile for any addiction is due to genetic factors [3]. Beyond this, a variety of environmental and social factors also play a role in whether or not you become addicted to a substance like alcohol.

As addiction starts to build, you’ll find you require more alcohol to achieve the same effects as tolerance grows. By this point, you may experience intense alcohol withdrawal symptoms if you stop drinking alcohol.

Alcohol Use Disorder

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a mental disorder where someone has difficulty controlling their drinking despite negative consequences [4]. It can range from mild to severe and affects millions of people. In this disorder, people can’t stop drinking, even when drinking affects their health, puts their safety at risk, and damages their personal relationships.

To diagnose this condition, a proper physical examination is done by a healthcare professional to look for symptoms of conditions that alcohol use disorder may cause. They’ll use criteria laid out in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), based on your symptoms [5].

The American Medical Association recommends pregnant women and women trying to conceive should avoid drinking alcohol [6]. Drinking in pregnancy can lead to long-term harm to the baby and can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. With proper treatment and support, recovery is possible for those struggling with alcohol dependence.

Binge Drinking

Binge drinking involves consuming excessive alcohol in a short period, typically five or more drinks for men or at least four drinks for women, within two hours [7]. This pattern of problematic alcohol use can lead to serious health risks, accidents, and poor decision-making. It’s particularly common among young adults and college students.

Alcohol Withdrawal

Alcohol withdrawal occurs when someone who drinks heavily suddenly stops or reduces alcohol consumption [8]. Symptoms can range from mild anxiety and shakes to severe complications like seizures. The timeline and intensity vary based on drinking history. Medical supervision is important during withdrawal to ensure safety and manage symptoms effectively.

Alcohol Addiction Symptoms

When drinking alcohol becomes habitual, you’ll find you don’t feel normal when you have no alcohol in your system. This is when addiction becomes psychological. You feel that you require alcohol even if you are not physically dependent.

Physical addiction sets in once you are unable to quit drinking without experiencing severe withdrawal symptoms, such as these signs of alcohol addiction:

Chronic alcohol misuse leads to both physical and psychological addiction and is rooted in the way alcohol impacts the brain. When you consume alcohol, this releases endorphins in the areas of the brain responsible for reward processing.

Alcohol, then, hits home at the chemical level in several areas of the brain. At a psychological level, alcohol abuse can lead to negative health consequences, making you feel unable to properly function in the absence of alcohol. This is the reason why alcohol relapse is so common.

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Common Alcohol Abuse Symptoms

The following are considered the primary symptoms of alcohol addiction:

  • Being dishonest and secretive about your drinking
  • Inability to refuse alcohol
  • Loss of interest in hobbies and favored activities
  • Irritability and anger
  • Impaired physical appearance
  • Reduced levels of personal hygiene
  • Looking tired or sick
  • Being frequently intoxicated
  • Growing tolerance for alcohol
  • Patterns of binge drinking
  • Withdrawal symptoms in the absence of alcohol
  • Co-occurring mental health problems

What To Do if You Have an Alcohol Addiction

If your alcohol consumption is starting to take over your life and to harm your physical wellbeing, it might be time to consider alcohol addiction therapy. Addiction is not something to ignore. Many people who abuse alcohol think of themselves as high-functioning alcoholics, but any form of alcohol abuse is dangerous. If you think that you or a loved one is a problem drinker, it is important to seek out help sooner rather than later. If you need help today, contact Renaissance Recovery, we are a drug and alcohol treatment center with locations in California and Florida. At Renaissance, we have expert clinicians and strong alumni programs so that clients can develop the knowledge and support they need to commit to long-term recovery.

Get Help at Renaissance Recovery

If you need help today, contact Renaissance Recovery. We are a drug and alcohol treatment center with locations in California and Florida. At Renaissance, we have expert clinicians and strong alumni programs so that clients can develop the knowledge and support they need to commit to long-term recovery.

It is possible to live a life free from alcohol addiction. Call 866-330-9449 for immediate assistance.

Sources

  1. https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/drug-misuse-addiction#ref
  2. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-topics/alcohol-facts-and-statistics/alcohol-use-disorder-aud-united-states-age-groups-and-demographic-characteristics
  3. https://www.addictioncenter.com/alcohol/genetics-of-alcoholism/
  4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436003/
  5. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)
  6. https://policysearch.ama-assn.org/policyfinder/detail/Alcohol?uri=%2FAMADoc%2FHOD.xml-0-3734.xml
  7. Binge drinking
  8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441882/

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